Tuesday, 1 March 2011

Port at Mercy of Oil Slick Prepares for Worst

Jose Manuel Trillanes wrapped his yellow oilskins tight around his body and pointed out to where gale force winds were churning up the Atlantic ocean beyond the small fishing port of O Grove.

"We know there's oil floating out there somewhere. If this storm brings it in, we might as well all emigrate," he said before stepping on board the blue-and-white painted Naveiro yesterday afternoon to do a second shift to gather mussels.

"Normally we only go out in the morning. But today we want to get as many mussels as we can in before any oil gets here," he said.

Jose Manuel, son and grandson of O Grove mussel gatherers, was not the only one talking of packing his bags if the sunken oil tanker Prestige, lying 130 miles to the west, spilled its deadly cargo into the shellfish-rich waters

Fear and panic continued to spread along the coast, despite the fact that the Prestige appeared to have taken most of its 70,000-tonne load of fuel to the sea bottom.

With the storm rolling in off the Atlantic, and mist banks obscuring views of the sea in many areas, rumours of numerous oil slicks in different directions provoked anger and dismay. Those slicks had been released before, or while, the tanker went down on Tuesday.

"There is a 30-mile-long slick coming up from Portuguese waters. When I saw the pictures on the television I felt absolute panic," said Francisco Iglesias, president of the town's 890-strong Fisherman's Guild.

Outside the guild's headquarters, the trees were being bent backwards by the force of the winds from the south-west, which were said to be pushing the oil inland at up to four miles an hour.

"It is going to come on to the coast somewhere. It could be here within hours. I am really scared about what might happen tonight. If it gets in here, then the whole town will have to close down," said Mr Iglesias.

Helicopters and spotter planes trying to track the oil spills buzzed overhead yesterday bringing in reports on the slicks which have already blackened a 100-mile stretch of coast to the north.

From his back pocket Mr Iglesias pulled a rumpled, hand-drawn map given to him by a French pilot who had overflown the area where the Prestige went down on Tuesday. "Look, the oil has broken into different slicks and they are all behaving differently," he said. "And there is a whole area of the sea that nobody has even looked at yet."

On the quayside, where fishermen were bringing the day's catch into the fish market from ranks of brightly painted boats, all the talk was about the Prestige and the Spanish government's bungling of the rescue operation.

"Our whole family lives off this boat and the sea," explained Jesus Pineiro, as he carted boxes of squid from the Diana VI. "My father, my brother and my cousin work with me on the boat. We all have families. If we can't fish, nobody will have anything to eat."

The same story was being repeated up and down the coast yesterday. Maria Dolores and Maria del Carmen Paz, two thick-armed sisters who go out every day at low tide with rakes and black rubber buckets to gather clams and winkles from the pristine beaches of the nearby island of Arousa, also spoke of emigrating.

"I have already lived in New Jersey," said Maria Dolores as she carted sacks full of clams into the market. "May be we will all have to go back. This is hard work. But we'll be out there tomorrow even if the storm comes in. This is how we live. Take it away and there is nothing left," she said.

Hundreds of small, wooden fishing vessels, some little more than rowing boats fitted with outboard engines, bobbed up and down in the island's port - a sign of the dependency of the 6,000 people who live here on the sea.

Francisco Vazquez, who owns half a dozen of the 250 square foot wooden rafts where thick knots of mussels are cultivated on strings dangling into the salt water, said the oil could ruin his livelihood without even entering the large sea loch where the rafts are situated.

"The small mussels which we use as seeds and from which we cultivate the rest are all on the rocks facing out to the open sea," he said.

"We should start going to get them in December, but if they get covered in oil, they will all die."

"If we're lucky," he added. "The wind will blow from the south and away from the shore. That way you'll get all the oil up north where you come from, in Britain or Ireland."




Long-term impacts of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on sea otters, assessed through age-dependent mortality patterns


  1. Daniel H. Monson * , 
  2. Daniel F. Doak 
  3. Brenda E. Ballachey *,
  4. Ancel Johnson § , , and 
  5. James L. Bodkin *
+Author Affiliations
  1. *United States Geological Survey, Alaska Biological Science Center, 1011 East Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503; Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064; and §United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, 1011 East Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503
  1. Communicated by Robert T. Paine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (received for review October 17, 1999)

Abstract

We use age distributions of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) found dead on beaches of western Prince William Sound, Alaska, between 1976 and 1998 in conjunction with time-varying demographic models to test for lingering effects from the 1989Exxon Valdez oil spill. Our results show that sea otters in this area had decreased survival rates in the years following the spill and that the effects of the spill on annual survival increased rather than dissipated for older animals. Otters born after the 1989 spill were affected less than those alive in March 1989, but do show continuing negative effects through 1998. Population-wide effects of the spill appear to have slowly dissipated through time, due largely to the loss of cohorts alive during the spill. Our results demonstrate that the difficult-to-detect long-term impacts of environmental disasters may still be highly significant and can be rigorously analyzed by using a combination of population data, modeling techniques, and statistical analyses.

Environmental Issues List


As grateful as we should be, for the advancements in science and technology, and therefore the rapid growth of the human species in all manner. We are overlooking a very grave problem that is looming over us, and is beginning to make its presence felt amongst us, that of environmental problems. We have taken a lot for granted, because of the benign nature of the earth and environment. But the fact that it has gone too far is now being noticed by the world. What has contributed to this problem that is threatening survival on this planet? Find out in the environmental issues list presented here.

List of Environmental Issues 2010

The list of environmental problems presented here, provides a broad overview of the looming dangers over mankind and this planet. This environmental issues list contains problems, not only of the current year, but those that have been present since a long time. Only the seriousness of the effects of these issues is being experienced now, like never before.

Oil Spills
Though oil spills are not a new phenomenon, the recent scale at which they have affected the environment cannot go unnoticed. Oil spills are perhaps the biggest environmental issues in America as of now, with the recent BP oil spill that affected the country in April. This was one of the worst oil spills recorded in American history. Recently, an oil spill also occurred in the Arabian Sea, off the coast of Mumbai, India. Oil spills damage the prime source of water for various cities, the marine life, and even affect birds. Indirectly they cause severe harm to the environment and are perhaps, one of the most important environmental issues to reckon with.

Climate Change
The high amounts of air pollution due to the development of several industries, water pollution and due to discarding of toxic waste in the oceans. Besides the aforementioned oil spills, the high rate of deforestation, are also contributing towards a drastic climate change. These wide spread misuse is causing global warming like never experienced before. Erratic changes in weather, brutal blizzards and floods, vicious heat waves, are now affecting lands where such phenomena were not so common.

Overpopulation
Population growth and the subsequent overpopulation is another one of the global environmental issues that has affected every nation. With the advancement in medicine and technology, life expectancy has increased, which is a boon in its own way, but has adversely affected the environment. The earth is now overpopulated, and because of the other environmental issues that are affecting it, the earth is not going to be able to sustain this excess for very long. Also, though family planning measures have been strictly implemented in several countries, they are still not as effective to control the rapidly increasing population.

Resource Depletion
Due to overpopulation, and the relaxed manner in which different natural resources are utilized, there is a serious lack of resources that can be used by us human beings now. As has been noticed, the rising fuel prices are due to the lower amounts that are now available. Several countries face huge water problems where some houses get water only for an hour a day, and where the ability to provide water to people depends on the erratic rains that elude people who solely depend on it as a source of water. Electricity is another serious problem in certain countries that is not available to everyone. Due to the continuous depletion of all these natural resources, experts have predicted that survival on planet earth is only going to get further challenging and difficult. The least we can do is try and adopt some energy saving methods so that it is efficiently utilized, evenly distributed and made available to everyone.

Pollution
Pollution is another one of the top environmental issues that is having a horrific impact on the planet and us human beings. Water pollutionair pollutionacid rain due to air pollution, land pollutionnoise pollution, are all adversely affecting the environment and people. Some countries are so polluted that children are born with birth defects, such as mutations of different body parts, while several others develop such defects later in life, due to their exposure to different types of pollution.

Land Degradation
The fast paced urban life has had a deep impact on the land that we live on. For one, to accommodate the rising urban population, a lot of deforestation has taken place. This not only affects the climate, but also destroys the natural habitat of other life forms. Leading to the increasing number of extinct animals and endangered animals, and thereby disturbing the natural cycle of the environment. Agricultural practices such as intensive farming, overgrazing, use of harsh pesticides, render several agricultural lands useless. Furthermore soil erosion, contributes to land degradation and its subsequent effects on humankind.

Nuclear Issues
The use of nuclear energy has led to the threat and instances of emission of nuclear radiations that have harmed the environment in unimaginable ways, causing immense environmental pollution. Hiroshima and Nagasaki are still recovering from the effects of atom bombs that were dropped in these cities. Though the scale of nuclear radiation affecting people is not the same, it is still slowly showing its effects in different manners on us human beings and is, in fact, increasing in today's day and time.

This was just a broad overview of the current environmental issues that are plaguing life on this planet. The environmental issues list is never ending, every action of ours is contributing to different environmental problems. The least we can do is understand these problems, and try and make an effort on our part to reduce the suffering of mankind and nature. If every one of us tries to make a difference, the overall effect will be huge and will lead to a better life for all living species on this planet.

Stricken Oil Tanker Breaks in Half


A leaking oil tanker carrying more than 70,000 tonnes of fuel broke in two this morning off Spain's north-western coast.

The Bahamas-flagged Prestige, which began spilling oil last Wednesday, split in half about 152 miles off Spain's Galician coast, in a development which environmentalists had warned would cause an ecological catastrophe twice the size of the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster off Alaska

"The ship split in two at 8 o'clock this morning [0700 GMT]," a spokeswoman for the Spanish central government in Galicia told the Reuters news agency.

The Prestige ran into trouble during a violent storm last Wednesday. Already the disaster has led to the spillage of some 5,000 tonnes of fuel oil near one of Spain's richest fisheries. The government has warned that the oil spilled so far could seep down into the many inlets that characterise the Galician coast.

On Monday, a salvage company tried to prevent the tanker from splitting by turning it so that its ruptured hull no longer faced the waves. The ship lies roughly on the borderline of areas for which Spain and Portugal have responsibility for maritime rescue operations.

Portugal and Spain had barred salvagers from towing the ship to any of their ports to protect their fishing and tourism industries from further damage.

Last night the Dutch salvage company in charge of the rescue operation began an attempt to tow the Prestige towards Africa.

A spokesman for the company, Smit International, had said it would keep the tanker heading south until it found somewhere it could attempt a transfer of the cargo, but admitted that that probably would not happen until the tanker got to Africa.

Environmentalists have demanded that the Prestige should be bombed and burned before it is allowed to sink.

"If it sinks to the bottom it could still be the worst environmental disaster we have ever seen," warned Miguel Angel Valladares of the Spanish branch of the WWF, formerly the World Wide Fund for Nature.

"The best thing is obviously to take the fuel off but, if not, it is better to burn it and pollute the atmosphere than to sink it and pollute the ocean floor. That would ruin the seabed and keep sending pollution in towards the coast for years."

In a twist that threatens to exacerbate the Anglo-Spanish row over Gibraltar, Spain has blamed Britain for the disaster, claiming the ageing London-insured ship had been heading for Gibraltar because it did not meet EU security regulations to dock at any other European port.

How to File a BP Oil Spill Claim?


The affected include private to commercial fisheries, waterfront property owners and people dependent on marina. The city, state and county government were also affected by this disaster. British petroleum was responsible for this disaster. It has taken many steps to compensate those who were affected with health, property and income damage. The company has announced a 20 billion dollar claims fund last week to satisfy all the legitimate claims.
There are three ways to file a BP oil spill claim. You can claim through phone at 1-800-440-0858. British petroleum also has a website for claims at BP.claims. Lastly you can also claim at one of the 33 field offices that are located in Alabama, Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana. British petroleum has hired a 1000 member team who has already received 64,000 oil spill claims till date. They have also issued payments that have already exceeded one hundred million dollars till date.
There are five steps that you can take in order to ensure you are compensated with your right economic needs.
• Determine the type of your claim.
There are different types of documents that are required for BP claims. The claims can be of:
• Net loss of profits and earning capacity
• Property damage
• Net loss of government revenue
• Natural resource damage and subsistence loss
• Removal and cleanup costs
• Cost of increased public services.
Depending on the type of your claim you need to submit the appropriate documents.
• Gather your documents.
British petroleum will need evidence that will verify that you have been negatively affected by the oil spill.
• Hire a lawyer
A lawyer is not required for the claim. However, he can give you valuable advice for the claim. You lawyer will need to send a letter to British petroleum ate the following address:
Mail: ESIS, Inc.
1 Beaver Valley Road
1 West
Wilmington, DE 19803
You can also fax the same at 302-476-6272
• After submitting the claim follow-up
Once you have submitted the required documents your claim will be evaluated. For an individual the average time to get a check after submitting the documents is 4 days and its 7 days for more complex business. You can check the status of your claim by dialing 1-800-573-8249.
• Beware of scams
The claims will involve no cost. So beware of any fraud who will ask you for any money for the claim.
This made oil spill claim filing more easy and effective. You can contact the attorneys of this directory to discuss about the legal options in claiming the damages. To know more about BP claims, visit our web site.