Issues in Ecology uses commonly-understood language to report the consensus of a panel of scientific experts on issues related to the environment. The audience for Issues in Ecology includes decision-makers at all levels for whom an objective presentation of the underlying science will increase the occurrence of ecologically-informed decisions. Issues in Ecology aims to build public understanding of the importance of the products and services provided by the environment to society. Recommended policy or management actions are not necessary, but may be included in Issues. The text for every Issues in Ecology is reviewed for technical content by external expert reviewers. While each Issuewill stand alone, ESA will also consider publishing up to four Issues under one theme to address different aspects of broad ecological issues, such as the carbon cycle, ecology and agriculture, or causes or effects of climate change. Issues in Ecology will be published four times per year.